Westwood Peter. Inclusive and Adaptive Teaching: Meeting the Challenge of Diversity

3rd edition — Routledge, 2024. — 141 p.Inclusive and Adaptive Teaching - Meeting the Challenge of Diversity in the Classroom by Peter Westwood continues to provide a range of practical strategies for advancing the learning and development of all students in inclusive classrooms. Drawing on the most recent international research into teaching methods, Westwood presents a range of evidence-based strategies for adapting curriculum content, modifying learning activities and resources, and for making any necessary accommodations during assessment. Revised topics in this third edition include a focus on the implications of diversity and exceptionality, the progress made to date in providing inclusive schooling, a presentation of evidence-based methods for teaching mixed-ability classes and ideas for adapting the curriculum and designing teaching materials. New topics in this revised edition include:• how to support students’ self-determination and autonomy;
• LGBTQ+ issues for inclusive schools;
• the UK ‘engagement model’ for assessing very low-functioning children;
• the concept and purposes of a ‘flipped classroom’;
• engaging with a Response-to-Intervention Model;
• how to support students in vocational colleges and universities.Each chapter contains an up-to-date list of online and print resources available to teachers who wish to pursue topics in greater depth. This text is an invaluable resource for both practicing and trainee teachers and teaching assistants, as well as school principals, school counselors and educational psychologists.Table of ContentsPreface
Inclusive education: How far have we come?
Potential benefits of inclusion
Inclusive schooling: Elusive but achievable
How far have we come?
From integration to inclusion
Inclusive education today
Factors important for successful inclusion
Remaining dilemmas and tensions created by inclusion
ResourcesDiversity in the classroom
Diversity
Educationally significant differences
Intelligence
Aptitude and talent
Intellectually and academically gifted learners
Socio-economic status
Culture and ethnicity
Language proficiency, and English as a second or additional language
Disabilities
Gender
Gender identity and sexual orientation
ResourcesExceptionality
Gifted and talented students
Students with learning difficulties
Students with intellectual disability
Autism spectrum disorder
Students with sensory impairments
Students with physical disabilities
Students with speech and language disorders
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Behavior disorders
Other exceptionalities
ResourcesAdapting curriculum content
What do we mean by ‘curriculum’?
Objectives and standards
National Curricula
Curriculum decision making
Adapting the curriculum
Modifying content
Differentiating learning objectives
Universal Design for Learning: A brave ideal as yet to be realized
Beyond the content-based curriculum
Ongoing issues ResourcesAdapting teaching methods
Overview of teaching methods
Teacher-directed and explicit methods
Interactive whole-class teaching
Direct Instruction
Adaptations within a teacher-directed approach
Student-centered methods
Adapting student-centered approaches
Using digital technology
The flipped classroom
Benefits from adaptive teaching
ResourcesAdapting teaching resources
Multiple representations
Print materials
Using traditional textbooks
Adapting worksheets, instruction cards and online study notes
An example of a differentiated worksheet
Adapting non-print resources
E-learning
Assistive technology
ResourcesAssessment for learning and of learning
Summative and formative assessment
Observation as an assessment method
Questioning of students
Appraisal of students’ work samples and portfolios
Objectives-based assessment
Teacher-made tests and quizzes
Published standardized tests
Diagnostic tests
Assessing students’ products
Adapting and modifying assessment
Dynamic assessment
General strategies for modifying tests
Modifications for assessment procedures
Modifications for students with additional needs
Adapting grading and reporting methods
ResourcesSupport for teachers and for students
Supportive school policies
School-based sources of support
Collaborative teamwork
Special educational needs coordinator
Behavior management coordinator
Paraprofessionals
Special education support teachers
Parents, volunteers and mentors
Peer assistance and peer tutoring
Regional support
Support from outside agencies and organizations
Response-to-Intervention Model
Supporting individual students
Direct assistance from teacher or tutor
Supporting students’ self-determination and autonomy
ResourcesInclusive culture in colleges and universities
Student population
Inclusion in universities and colleges
Students with physical disabilities
Students with impaired hearing
Students with impaired vision
Students with specific learning disorders
Students with mild autistic traits
ResourcesReferencesIndex