Pupalaikis P.J. S-Parameters for Signal Integrity

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020. — 666 p.Master the usage of s-parameters in signal integrity applications and gain full understanding of your simulation and measurement environment with this rigorous and practical guide. Solve specific signal integrity problems including calculation of the s-parameters of a network, linear simulation of circuits, de-embedding, and virtual probing, all with expert guidance. Learn about the interconnectedness of s-parameters, frequency responses, filters, and waveforms. This invaluable resource for signal integrity engineers is supplemented with the open-source software SignalIntegrity, a Python package for scripting solutions to signal integrity problems.AbbreviationsScattering Parameters
The Concept of Network Parameter Models
Network Parameter Models of Circuit Elements and Circuit Models
Network Parameter Conversions
Network Simulation
Cascading Networks
Network Parameter Summary
Wave Relationships to Voltage and Current
Wave Definition Requirements
Power and the Normalization Factor
Wave Equations
Power Wave Equations
S-Parameter Definition
Method of Determining S-Parameters of Circuits
Example S-Parameter Circuit Calculations
S-Parameter Conversions
Power Wave Based S-Parameters
T-Parameters
Inverse and Identity Sections
De-embedding S-Parameters
Network Parameters of Common Elements
Advanced Cascade Parameters – Multi-Port T-Parameters
S-Parameter File Format
S-Parameter System Models
Interconnection of S-Parameter Networks
Signal-Flow Diagram Representation of Systems
S-Parameters of Systems
Block Matrix Solution of S-Parameter Systems
System Reduction Through Node Removal
Node Removal Using Graphical Equation Methods
ExamplesBasic Reference Impedance Transformation
The Reference Impedance Transformer
Reference Impedance Transformers in Wave Measurements
Reference Impedance Transformation Using Transformers
Source Elements
Sense Elements
Dependent Sources
Amplifiers
Ideal Transformer
The Transmission Line Model
Simulation Example of Single-Ended Transmission Line
Differential Signaling
Differential Transmission Lines
Mixed-Mode Terminations
Applications
System Descriptions
System Descriptions
System Description Example
Symbolics
The System Description Parser
Numeric Solutions
Subcircuits
Summary of Python Code Arrangement
Simulation Solutions
The Simulator Class
The SimulatorParser Class
Numeric Solutions
De-embedding
One-Port De-embedding
Two-Port De-embedding
Fixture De-embedding
Two-Port Tip De-embedding
Extensions to the Fixture De-embedding Problem
The Deembedder Class
Symbolic De-embedding Solutions
The DeembedderParser Class
Numeric De-embedding Solutions
Numeric De-embedding Example
A Simple Case of Virtual Probing
A Multiple Input and Output Example
A Degree of Freedom Example
The Virtual Probe General Case Equations
Virtually Probing a Virtual Circuit
Programmatic Methods
Virtual Probing Numeric Example
Signal Processing and Measurement
Frequency Responses, Impulse Responses, and Convolution
Discrete-Time Waveforms
Discrete-Frequency Responses
The Discrete Fourier Transform
Frequency Responses and Impulse Responses
Resampling
Convolution and Time
Upsampling and Interpolation
Fractional Delay Filters
Waveform Adaption
Transfer Matrices Processing
Impedance and Time-Domain Reflectometry
Impedance Profile Approximation with the Step Response
Impedance Profile Approximation from S-Parameters
Impedance Profile Calculation Using Peeling
Python Impedance Profile Software
Problems with the Impedance Profile
Measurement
The Twelve-Term Error Model
Calibration
Calculation of the Device Under Test
Calibration and Measurement Summary
Calibration Standards
Time-Domain Reflectometry
S-Parameter Checking and Conditioning
Model Extraction
Linear Equations
Newton’s Method
Python Fitting Code
Transmission Line Model Fitting
SignalIntegrity
Package Organization
Universal Modeling Language Diagrams
SignalIntegrity Applications
Waveform Processing
Measurement
Project File Format
SignalIntegrityAppHeadless Application Programming Interface
Calculation Properties
S-Parameter Viewing and Transfer Matrices
SignalIntegrityApp Equalization Example
Afterword
Appendix A Terminology and Conventions
Appendix B Telegrapher’s Equations
Appendix C Matrix Algebra
Appendix D Symbolic Device Solutions