Golf-Racht T.D. Fundamentals of fractured reservoir engineering

Amsterdam: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, 1982. — 710 p. — (Developments in Petroleum Science, 12). — ISBN: 0-444-42046-0.In the modem language of reservoir engineering by reservoir description is understood the totality of basic local information concerning the reservoir rock and fluids which by various procedures are extrapolated over the entire reservoir.
Fracture detection, evaluation and processing is another essential step in the process of fractured reservoir description. In 2, all parameters related to fracture density and fracture intensity, together with various procedures of data processing are discussed in detail. After a number of field examples, developed in Chap. 3, the main objective remains the quantitative evaluation of physical properties. This is done in Chap. 4, where the evaluation of fractures porosity and permeability, their correlation and the equivalent ideal geometrical models versus those parameters are discussed in great detail. Special rock properties such as capillary pressure and relative permeability are reexamined in the light of a double-porosity reservoir rock. In order to complete the results obtained by direct measurements on rock samples, Chap. 5 examines fracturing through indirect measurements from various logging results.
The entire material contained in these five chapters defines the basic physical parameters and indicates procedures for their evaluation which may be used further in the description of fractured reservoirs.Reservoir DescriptionBasic geology
Geological conditions of fracturing
Geological model for the simulation of fracturing
Influence of stylolitization and jointing
Quantitative evaluation of fracturing
List of SymbolsFracture detection and evaluation
Classification and definitions
Basic parameters of fractures
Direct evaluation of fracturing
Processing of data
Application of fracturing studies
List of SymbolsFractured reservoirs. Case history
Fractured carbonate reservoirs
Fractured silt/sand reservoirs
Fractured shale reservoirs
Fractured “basement” reservoirs
Physical properties of rocksPorosity
Permeability
Discussion concerning basic parameters (K, Ф, Swi)
Compressibility in a fractured rock
Relative permeability in a fractured reservoir
Capillary pressure curve
Logging vs. fracture evaluationLithology logs
Caliper logs
Temperature logs
Resistivity logs
Dipmeter logs
Porosity logs
Borehole televiewer
Discussion
List of SymbolsWell dynamics flow of homogeneous fluids toward a wellFlow of fluids towards a well in non-porous fractured rock
Law of flow of homogeneous liquids
Steady-state flow of homogeneous liquids through fractures toward a well
Flow of gas through fractures toward a well
Transient flow in a non-porous fractured rock
List of SymbolsFlow towards a well in fractured rock of double porosity
Basic equations of flow
Discussion of the Warren and Root' model
Discussion of Pollard method
List of SymbolsSpecial problems of flow toward a wellWell interference
Evaluation of anisotropy in a fractured reservoir
Use of type-curves for analysis of flow toward a well
List of SymbolsReservoir dynamicsFluid displacement in a single matrix blockSimplified dynamic approach to matrix fluid displacement
Simplified physical approach to fluid displacement in matrix block
Concepts and experiments: single block imbibition displacement
Other aspects of single block fluid displacement
Oil produced from a single block: theoretical approach
List of symbolsProduction mechanism of a fractured reservoirReservoir description during depletion
Reservoir zoning vs. production mechanism
Specific aspects of a fractured reservoir
List of SymbolsNumerical simulation of fractured reservoirsPhase flow simulation
Compositional simulators
List of SymbolsFractured reservoir examples
Basic data and history of certain fractured reservoirs
Simplified examples of reservoir calculations
Application A: Dimensional and dimensional single block rate and recovery
Application B: Well rate evaluation
Application C: Well rate under combined drive mechanism
Application D: Combined drive mechanism behaviour
Application E: Reservoir past history and reservoir behaviour prediction
List of SymbolsSubject index