Ahmed H., Spreadbury P.J. (eds.) Analogue and Digital Electronics for Engineers: An Introduction

2nd edition. — Cambridge University Press, 1984. — 303 p. — (Electronics Texts for Engineers and Scientists). — ISBN: 978-0521319102.This new edition of Ahmed and Spreadbury's excellent textbook Electronics for Engineers provides, like the first edition, an introduction to electronic circuits covering the early part of degree level courses in electronics and electrical engineering. The text of the first edition has been entensively revised and supplemented to bring it up to date; two entirely new chapters have been added on the subject of digital electronics. A first chapter on the general principles of signal handling in electronic circuits is followed by descriptions of amplifiers using field-effect and bipolar transistors and integrated circuit op-amps, written from the point of view of the engineering student building up a system. Subsequent chapters discuss the principles of applying negative and positive feedback in amplifiers, leading the reader to the final two chapters covering digital circuits and their applications. All chapters conclude with a solved problem followed by a number of practice questions from various universities to which answers are given. This new edition, like the first, will prove a valuable text for first and second year courses in universities and polytechnics on electronics and electrical engineering and will be useful to practising engineers and scientists who need to use analogue and digital chips in the course of their work.Preface to the second edition.
Preface to the first edition..Principles of amplifiers..Coupling between voltage amplifiers.
Worked example.
Logarithmic expression for gain: the decibel.
Coupling between current amplifiers.
Loading of a source for maximum power output.
Frequency characteristics of coupling circuits and amplifiers.
Coupling circuits at low frequency.
Coupling circuits at high frequency.
Pulses and digital signals.
Worked example.Problems.The p-n junction and the field-effect transistor..The p-n junction.
Forward and reverse biased p-n junctions.
Depletion layer width and junction capacitance.
The field-effect transistor (unipolar transistor).
Principle of operation.
Characteristics of the field-effect transistor.
The field-effect transistor amplifier.
Amplification of signals.
Small signal parameters of the f.e.t.
The common-source amplifier (AC analysis).
A simple bias circuit for the f.e.t.
Input and output impedance.
Coupling of f.e.t. amplifiers and amplification of low frequency signals.
Amplification of high frequency signals.
The source follower.
The metal oxide semiconductor transistor (most).
Worked example.Problems.The bipolar transistor..Principle of operation.
Current relationships.
Typical common-emitter characteristics.
Data for a typical npn transistor.
Ratings and selection of operating point.
Operating point stability.
Graphical estimates of circuit gain.
Small-signal equivalent circuits for the bipolar transistor.
Calculation of amplifier performance.
Frequency response.
Emitter follower performance.
Coupling between amplifier stages.
Manufacture of planar transistors.
Worked example.
Relative merits of bipolar and field-effect transistors.Problems.Operational amplifiers and linear integrated circuits..A review of the properties of real and ideal amplifiers.
The terminology of integrated circuit differential amplifiers.
The inverting operational amplifier.
The non-inverting operational amplifier.
The differential operational amplifier.
Some applications of operational amplifiers.
Frequency response of operational amplifiers.
The differential amplifier.
Some practical considerations.
Linear integrated circuits.
Worked examples.Problems.Negative feedback..Definitions of feedback.
Realisation of A and В.
Stabilisation of gain.
Increase in frequency response.
Reduction of the effect of internal disturbances in the amplifier.
Effect on the input and output impedances of the amplifier.
Factors for and against feedback over several stages.
Instability.
Interpretation of the Nyquist diagram.
Worked example.Problems.Positive feedback and oscillators..Theoretical requirements for oscillation.
Sinusoidal oscillators.
Realisation of phase-shifting networks.
Frequency stability.
Stabilisation of oscillator output amplitude.
Oscillator using operational amplifiers as integrators.
Worked example.Problems.Digital fundamentals..Transistor as a switch - the simple inverter.
Simple gates - nand, and, nor, or, Exclusive-OR and nor.
Number systems - binary, hexadecimal and BCD.
Definitions of combinational and sequential logic.
Combinational logic identities - Boolean algebra.
Karnaugh maps for logic simplification.
Hazards and their elimination (using the Karnaugh map).
Memory - two inverting gates with feedback.
Realisation of gates with mos or bipolar devices - 3-state or open collector devices.
Comparison of logic families.
Worked examples.Problems.Digital circuits and applications..Bistable circuit (S-R type, latch, J-K, M-S and clocked types).
Counters - ripple and synchronous types.
Registers, accumulators and arithmetic ICs.
State diagrams and sequential design.
Voltage level detector, Schmitt trigger IC.
Digital to analogue converters (DACs).
Analogue to digital converters (ADCs).
Memories; ram, rom, eprom.
Applications.
Capabilities of microprocessors.Problems.Appendixes:.
A A list of useful textbooks.
Device data and characteristics.Answers to problems.
Index.