Pusch Roland. Geological Storage of Highly Radioactive Waste

Springer, 2008. — 391 p.A major part of this book is based on work performed by several of the national organizations that are responsible for disposal of radioactive waste from nuclear reactors, with the Author involved in the research as well in the reporting. He is greatly indebted to the organizations and to their representatives that were engaged in the projects, and to the European Commission, represented by Mr Christophe Davies, that supported the work financially and otherwise. Mr Davies’ services are gratefully acknowledged. The author also expresses his thanks to the following per-sons who assisted in various ways in the preparation of the book: Christer Sve-mar, Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co (SKB), Sweden; Wolf Sei-dler, Agence National pour la gestion des Dechets Radioactifs (ANDRA), France; Jan Verstricht, Studiecentrum voor Kernenergie-Centre d’Etude de l’´energie Nucle-are (SCK-CEN), Belgium; and Tilmann Rothfuchs, Gesellschaft f¨ur Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit GmbH (GRS), Germany.The Geological Base for Developing and Assessing Concepts for HLW Disposal
Rock Types Considered for HLW Disposal
Crystalline and Argillaceous Rock
Salt Rock
Clastic Clay
The Importance of Scale
The Rock
What is Required?
Structure-Controlled Properties of Crystalline and Argillaceous Rock
Structure-Controlled Properties of Salt Rock and Clastic Clay
What Role do Discontinuities Play in Repository Rock?
The Integrated Performance of Host Rock
Engineered Barriers and Their Interaction with Rock
Engineered Barriers
HLW
Canisters
Clay
Buffer
Repository Concepts for HLW Including Spent Fuel and Waste with Long-Lived Radionuclides
Major Principles of Storing HL
Repository Concepts
Canisters, Buffers and Backfills – The Engineered Barriers
Construction and Performance of Buffers and Backfills in Crystalline Rock
Construction and Performance of Buffers and Backfills in Salt Rock
Construction and Performance of Buffers and Backfills in Argillaceous Rock
Borehole Sealing
Stabilization of Fracture Zones in Boreholes
Underground Laboratories (URLs)
Needs and Objectives
National Underground Laboratories in Crystalline Rock
National Underground Laboratories in Salt Rock
National Underground Laboratories in Argillaceous Rock
Study of Rock Properties in the URLs
Buffer and Backfill
Instrumentation and Data Acquisition
Testing
Plug Construction
Borehole Sealing
General Conclusions from URL Activities
Monitoring of Real Repositories
Site Selection
Deep or Shallow
Criteria for Locating Repositories at Depth Crystalline Rock
Content of Valuables
Mechanical Stability
Salt and Argillaceous Rock
Electrical Potentials
Practical Examples
The Ideal Location of a Repository
Mine Repositories
Risk Assessment
General
Required Performance of the Repository
Current Repository Design Principles
Design Requirements Related to Safety