Vendelin G.D., Pavio A.M., Rohde U.L. Microwave Circuit Design Using Linear And Nonlinear Techniques

2nd edition. — Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, 2005. — 1080 p.The ultimate handbook on microwave circuit design with CAD. Full of tips and insights from seasoned industry veterans, Microwave Circuit Design offers practical, proven advice on improving the design quality of microwave passive and active circuits-while cutting costs and time. Covering all levels of microwave circuit design from the elementary to the very advanced, the book systematically presents computer-aided methods for linear and nonlinear designs used in the design and manufacture of microwave amplifiers, oscillators, and mixers. Using the newest CAD tools, the book shows how to design transistor and diode circuits, and also details CAD's usefulness in microwave integrated circuit (MIC) and monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) technology. Applications of nonlinear SPICE programs, now available for microwave CAD, are described. State-of-the-art coverage includes microwave transistors (HEMTs, MODFETs, MESFETs, HBTs, and more), high-power amplifier design, oscillator design including feedback topologies, phase noise and examples, and more. The techniques presented are illustrated with several MMIC designs, including a wideband amplifier, a low-noise amplifier, and an MMIC mixer. This unique, one-stop handbook also features a major case study of an actual anticollision radar transceiver, which is compared in detail against CAD predictions; examples of actual circuit designs with photographs of completed circuits; and tables of design formulae.. This second edition, a vastly expanded and revised version of the first edition, provides the engineer with the necessary additional data and design tools to best enable him or her to address the new requirements introduced by these technological developments. Five new chapters have added for this purpose. The book begins with an introductory review chapter entitled RF and Microwave Systems. It covers a variety of topics ranging from Maxwell’s equations to RF wireless/microwave/millimeter-wave applications, analog and digital requirements, basic RF transmitters and receivers, and CAD for nonlinear circuit analysis, among others. The next chapter, Lumped and Distributed Elements pertains to the frequency range from the RF band up through the millimeter bands. The third chapter, Active Devices, is by far the largest chapter in the book. It covers in considerable detail all essential active microwave devices including diodes, bipolar transistors, field-effect transistors (FETs) and their variants such as MOSFETS and HEMTs. It is safe to say that most applications of active devices consist of networks of two or more ports and their interconnections. Chapter 4, Two-Port Networks, presents the tools needed for RF/microwave design based on two-port networks and, in addition, three- and four-port networks. The next chapter entitled Impedance Matching complements Chapter 4 and follows, more or less, the traditional approach to impedance matching involving both lumped and distributed elements. Chapter 6, Microwave Filters, is a welcome addition to the this text. Filters are crucial components of nearly every microwave system, whether it is a radar system or a cell phone transmitter. The next chapter addresses noise in linear two-ports and is a vastly enhanced version of the corresponding chapter in the first edition. One of the new features is a detailed treatment of the noise correlation matrix approach to noise analysis. This technique is particularly suited to computerization since noise matrices can be treated like two-port signal matrices, and can be intermixed with the latter. Chapters 8 and 9, entitled Small and Large-Signal Amplifier Design, and Power Amplifier Design, respectively reflect the important advancements made in the wireless industry, both in circuit design and in circuit integration based on planar solid-state technology. The next chapter on oscillators is a complete rewrite and expansion of the corresponding chapter in the previous edition. The most recent frequency and time domain analytic techniques have been applied. Strong emphasis is given to power optimization and noise analysis. To complement this chapter, an extensive bibliography of more than 180 references has been included. Chapter 11, Microwave Mixer Design also has been broadened and now has a new subchapter that deals with the mathematics of mixer noise for two types of FETs. Also the use of CAD in mixer design is illustrated. Chapter 12 is a new chapter covering pin diodes and switches and attenuators based on them. FET switches also are covered. The final chapter on microwave CAD is essentially identical to the last chapter of the previous edition.Foreword.

Rf/Microwave Systems.Maxwell’s Equations.
RF Wireless/Microwave/Millimeter-Wave Applications.
Frequency Bands, Modes, and Waveforms of Operation.
Analog and Digital Requirements.
Elementary Definitions.
Basic RF Transmitters and Receivers.
Modern CAD for Nonlinear Circuit Analysis.
Dynamic Load Line.Lumped and Distributed Elements.Transition from RF to Microwave Circuits.
Parasitic Effects on Lumped Elements.
Distributed Elements.
Hybrid Element: Helical Coil.Active Devices.Diodes.
Microwave Transistors.
Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor.
Microwave FET.Two-Port Networks.Two-Port Parameters.
S Parameters.
S Parameters from SPICE Analysis.
Stability.
Power Gains, Voltage Gain, and Current Gain.
Three-Ports.
Derivation of Transducer Power Gain.
Differential S Parameters.
Twisted-Wire Pair Lines.
Low-Noise and High-Power Amplifier Design.
Low-Noise Amplifier Design Examples.Impedance Matching.Smith Charts and Matching.
Impedance Matching Networks.
Single-Element Matching.
Two-Element Matching.
Matching Networks Using Lumped Elements.
Matching Networks Using Distributed Elements.
Bandwidth Constraints for Matching Networks.Microwave Filters.Low-Pass Prototype Filter Design.
Transformations.
Transmission Line Filters.
Exact Designs and CAD Tools.
Real-Life Filters.Noise in Linear Two-Ports.Signal-to-Noise Ratio.
Noise Figure Measurements.
Noise Parameters and Noise Correlation Matrix.
Noisy Two-Port Description.
Noise Figure of Cascaded Networks.
Influence of External Parasitic Elements.
Noise Circles.
Noise Correlation in Linear Two-Ports Using Correlation Matrices.
Noise Figure Test Equipment.
How to Determine Noise Parameters.
Calculation of Noise Properties of Bipolar and FETs.
Bipolar Transistor Noise Model in T Configuration.
The GaAs FET Noise Model.Small- And Large-Signal Amplifier Design.Single-Stage Amplifier Design.
Frequency Multipliers.
Design Example of 1.9-GHz PCS and 2.1-GHz W-CDMA Amplifiers.
Stability Analysis and Limitations.Power Amplifier Design.Device Modeling and Characterization.
Optimum Loading.
Single-Stage Power Amplifier Design.
Multistage Design.
Power-Distributed Amplifiers.
Class of Operation.
Power Amplifier Stability.
Amplifier Linearization Methods.Oscillator Design.Compressed Smith Chart.
Series or Parallel Resonance.
Resonators.
Two-Port Oscillator Design.
Negative Resistance from Transistor Model.
Oscillator Q and Output Power.
Noise in Oscillators: Linear Approach.
Analytic Approach to Optimum Oscillator Design Using S Parameters.
Nonlinear Active Models for Oscillators.
Oscillator Design Using Nonlinear Cad Tools.
Microwave Oscillators Performance.
Design of an Oscillator Using Large-Signal Y Parameters.
Example for Large-Signal Design Based on Bessel Functions.
Design Example for Best Phase Noise and Good Output Power.
CAD Solution for Calculating Phase Noise in Oscillators.
Validation Circuits.
Analytical Approach for Designing Efficient Microwave FET and Bipolar Oscillators (Optimum Power).Microwave Mixer Design.Diode Mixer Theory.
Single-Diode Mixers.
Single-Balanced Mixers.
Double-Balanced Mixers.
FET Mixer Theory.
Balanced FET Mixers.
Special Mixer Circuits.
Using Modern CAD Tools.
Mixer Noise.Rf Switches And Attenuators.
pin Diodes.
pin Diode Switches.
pin Diode Attenuators.
FET Switches.Microwave Computer-Aided Workstations For Mmic Requirements.Gallium Arsenide MM1C Foundries: Role of CAD.
Yield-Driven Design.
Designing Nonlinear Circuits Using the Harmonic Balance Method.
Programmable Microwave Tuning System.
Introduction to MM1C Considering Layout Effects.
GaAs MMIC Layout Software.
Practical Design Example.
CAD Applications.Appendices:
Bip: Gummel–Poon Bipolar Transistor Model.
Level 3 Mosfet.
Noise Parameters of Gaas Mesfets.
Derivations for Unilateral Gain Section.
Vector Representation of Two-Tone Intermodulation Products.
Passive Microwave Elements.