Tsinober A. An Informal Introduction to Turbulence

Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004. — 343 p. — (Fluid Mechanics and its Applications Volume 63) —ISBN: 0-306-48384-X. OCR. 600 dpi.Brief history
Nature and major qualitative universal features of turbulent flows
Representative examples of turbulent flows
In lieu of definition: major qualitative universal features of turbulent flows
Why turbulence is so impossibly difficult? The three N's
On the Navier-Stokes equations
On the nature of the problem
Nonlinearity
Noninegrability
Nonlocality
On physics of turbulence
On statistical theories
Outline of the following material
In lieu of summary
Origins of Turbulence
Instability
Transition to turbulence versus routes to chaos
Many ways of creating turbulent flowsMethods of Describing of Turbulent Flows
Deterministic versus random/stochastic or how 'statistical' is turbulence?
On statistical theories, reduced (low dimensional) represent- ations and related matters
Turbulence versus deterministic chaos
Statistical methods of looking at the data only? Or what kind of statistics one needs?
Decompositions/representationsKinematics
Passive objects in random fluid flows
Geometrical statistics
Kinematic/Lagrangian chaos/advection
On the relation between Eulerian and Lagrangian fields
On analogies and relations between passive and active fieldsPhenomenology
Introductory notes
Kolmogorov phenomenology and related subjects
CascadeIs there cascade in physical space?
What are the 'small scales' in turbulent flows?
Cascade of passive objects?DynamicsWhy velocity derivatives?
Vortex stretching and enstrophy production
Why strain too?
Self-amplification of the field of velocity derivatives
Geometrical statistics
Alignments
The geometry of vortex stretching
Depression of nonlinearity
Relative depression of nonlinearity in regions with concentrated vorticity
Are regions of concentrated vorticity quasionedimen sional?
Nonlocality
Introduction and simple examples
Different aspects of nonlocality
Acceleration and related matters
The relation between the total acceleration and its local and convective components
The relation between the total acceleration and its irrotational and solenoidal components
Scale dependence
Kinematical versus dynamical effects
Non-Gaussian nature of turbulence
Odd moments
Quasi-Gaussian manifestations
Irreversibility of turbulenceStructure(s) of Turbulent FlowsIntermittency
What is small scale intermittency?
Measures/manifestations of intermittency
On possible origins of small scale intermittency
What is(are) structure(s) of turbulent flows?
On the origins of structure(s) of/in turbulence
How does the structure of turbulence 'look'?
Structure versus statistics
Examples of statistics weakly sensitive to structure(s)
Structure sensitive statistics
Which quantities possess structure in turbulence and how to 'dig' them out?
Structure(s) versus scales and decompositionsTurbulence Under Various Influences and Physical CircumstancesShear flows
Partly turbulent flows - entrainment
Variable density
Convection
Stable stratification
Compressible flows
RotationHelicity
Negative eddy viscosity phenomena
Laboratory experiments
Examples from geophysics
Possible explanations
Magnetohydrodynamic flows
Two-dimensional turbulence
Pure two-dimensional versus quasi-two-dimensional
Some additionaldifferences between two-dimensional and three-dimensional turbulence
Additives
Conclusion/Close
Universality
On universal aspects of turbulence structure
Reynolds number dependence
Self-amplification of velocity derivatives
Depression of nonlinearity
Some mathematical and related aspects
On the goals of basic research in turbulence
Appendix A. What is Turbulence?
Appendix B. About The 'Snags' of the Problem
Appendix C. Glossary of Essential Fluid Mechanics
Kinematics
Dynamics
Basic equations and their consequences
Some additional consequences from the NSE and invariant quantities
Symmetries of Euler and Navier-Stokes equations
Passive objects
Passive scalars
Passive vectors
Some basic relations for the statistical description of turbulent flows
Scaling, scales and related matters
Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations and related
Filter decomposition
Equations governing the dynamics of 'error'Appendix D. It is A Misconception That
Appendix E. On Methods of Studing Turbulent Flows
Direct numerical simulations of the Navier-Stokes equations
Physical experiments
Appendix F. Glossary of Some Terms Bibliography
Author Index
Subject Index