Stiesch G. Modeling Engine Spray and Combustion Processes

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. XV, 282 p. — ISBN: 978-3-642-05629-1, ISBN: 978-3-662-08790-9 (eBook), DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-08790-9.The book covers the various approaches to modeling the in-cylinder processes such as mixture formation, combustion and formation of exhaust emissions in diesel and gasoline engines. Due to their complexity emphasis is put on multi-dimensional spray, combustion and emission formation models. However, phenomenological as well as zero-dimensional thermodynamic models, which are still widely used in engine development because of their computational efficiency, are addressed as well. Example calculations of each model type are compared with corresponding experimental data – represented in diagrams as well as in images resulting from modern optical measuring techniques – in order to discuss the capabilities of today's simulation models as well as the shortcomings that still exist either because of oversimplifying assumptions or because of insufficient knowledge of the real processes. The reader will be provided with an overview of the most important simulation models describing the in-cylinder processes of internal combustion engines. In addition, suggestions are made about which modeling approach is appropriate for a specific type of problem.
Content Level » Research
Keywords » Combustion Modeling - Computational Fluid Dynamics - Internal Combustion Engines - Pollutant Formation - Spray Modeling
Related subjects » Mechanical Engineering - MechanicsNomenclatureModeling of Combustion Processes
Direct Injection Combustion EnginesThermodynamic ModelsThermodynamic Fundamentals
Single-Zone Cylinder Model
Mass and Energy Balances
Mass Fluxes
Mechanical Work
Wall Heat Transfer
Heat Release by Combustion
Ignition Delay
Internal Energy
Two-Stroke Scavenging Models
Empirical Two-Zone Combustion ModeL
Typical Applications
Heat Release Analysis
Analysis of Complete Power SystemsPhenomenological ModelsClassification
Heat Release in Diesel Engines
Zero-Dimensional Buming Rate Function
Free Gas Jet Theory
Packet Models
Time Scale Models
Gas Composition and Mixing in Diesel Engines
Two-Zone Cylinder Models
N-Zone Cylinder Models
Packet Models
Advanced Heat Transfer Models
Heat Transfer Mechanisms
Convective and Radiative Heat Transfer Model
SI Engine Combustion
Buming Rate Calculation
Gas Composition
Engine KnockFundamentals of Multidimensional CFD-CodesConservation Equations
Numerical Methodology
Turbulence Models
Boundary Layers and Convective Heat Transfer
Application to In-Cylinder ProcessesMultidimensional Models of Spray ProcessesGeneral Considerations
Spray Processes in Combustion Engines
Spray Regimes
The Spray Equation
Equations and Exchange Terms
Numerical Implementation
Droplet Kinematics
Drop Drag and Deformation
Turbulent Dispersion / Diffusion
Spray Atomization
Breakup Regimes
Wave-Breakup Model
Blob-Injection Model
Turbulence and Cavitation Based Primary Breakup Model
Sheet-Atomization Model for Hollow-Cone Sprays
Secondary Droplet Breakup
Drop Breakup Regimes
The Reitz-Diwakar Model
The Taylor-Analogy Breakup ModeI
The Kelvin-Helmholtz Breakup ModeL
The Rayleigh-Taylor Breakup Model
DropletIDroplet and SpraylWall Interactions
Droplet Collision and Coalescence
Spray-Wall Impingement
Fuel Evaporation
Droplet Evaporation
Multi-Component Fuels
Flash Boiling
Grid Dependencies
Problem Description
Reduction of Grid DependenciesMultidimensional Combustion ModelsCombustion Fundamentals
Chemical Equilibrium
Reaction Kinetics
Reaction Mechanisms for Hydrocarbon Flames
Combustion Regimes and Flame Types
Ignition Processes
Ignition Fundamentals
Autoignition Modeling
Spark-Ignition Modeling
Premixed Combustion
The Flamelet Assumption
Eddy-Breakup Models
Flame Area Evolution Models
The Fractal Model
Diffusion Combustion
The Characteristic Time Scale Model
Flamelet Models
PDF-Models
Partially Premixed Combustion in DISI Engines
Flame Structure
A Formulation based on Lagrangian Flame Front Tracking
A Formulation based on the G-EquationPollutant FormationExhaust Gas Composition
Nitrogen Oxides
Reaction Paths
Thermal NO
Prompt NO
Soot
Phenomenology
Semi-Global Mechanisms
Detailed Chemistry MechanismsConclusions