Munson Bruce R. et al. Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics

Bruce R. Munson, Alric P. Rothmayer, Theodore H. Okiish, Wade W. Huebsch. — 7th edition. – John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. 796 p. — ISBN: 978-1-118-11613-5.Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics offers comprehensive topical coverage, with varied examples and problems, application of visual component of fluid mechanics, and strong focus on effective learning. The text enables the gradual development of confidence in problem solving. The authors have designed their presentation to enable the gradual development of reader confidence in problem solving. Each important concept is introduced in easy-to-understand terms before more complicated examples are discussed. Continuing this book's tradition of extensive real-world applications, the 7th edition includes more Fluid in the News case study boxes in each chapter, new problem types, an increased number of real-world photos, and additional videos to augment the text material and help generate student interest in the topic. Example problems have been updated and numerous new photographs, figures, and graphs have been included. In addition, there are more videos designed to aid and enhance comprehension, support visualization skill building and engage students more deeply with the material and concepts.Learning Objectives
Some Characteristics of Fluids
Dimensions, Dimensional Homogeneity, and Units
Systems of Units
Analysis of Fluid Behavior
Measures of Fluid Mass and Weight
Density
Specific Weight
Specific Gravity
Ideal Gas Law
Viscosity
Compressibility of Fluids
Bulk Modulus
Compression and Expansion of Gases
Speed of Sound
Vapor Pressure
Surface Tension
A Brief Look Back in History
Summary and Study GuideReview Problems
Conceptual Questions
ProblemsFluid Statics
Learning Objectives
Pressure at a Point
Basic Equation for Pressure Field
Pressure Variation in a Fluid at Rest
Incompressible Fluid
Compressible Fluid
Standard Atmosphere
Measurement of Pressure
Manometry
Piezometer Tube
U-Tube Manometer
Inclined-Tube Manometer
Mechanical and Electronic Pressure-Measuring Devices
Hydrostatic Force on a Plane Surface
Pressure Prism
Hydrostatic Force on a Curved Surface
Buoyancy, Flotation, and Stability
Archimedes’ Principle
Stability
Pressure Variation in a Fluid with Rigid-Body Motion
Linear Motion
Rigid-Body Rotation
Summary and Study GuideReview Problems
Conceptual Questions
ProblemsElementary Fluid
Dynamics—The Bernoulli Equation
Learning Objectives
Newton’s Second Law
F ma along a Streamline
F ma Normal to a Streamline
Physical Interpretation
Static, Stagnation, Dynamic, and Total Pressure
Examples of Use of the Bernoulli Equation
Free Jets
Confined Flows
Flowrate Measurement
The Energy Line and the Hydraulic Grade Line
Restrictions on Use of the Bernoulli Equation
Compressibility Effects
Unsteady Effects
Rotational Effects
Other Restrictions
Summary and Study GuideReview Problems
Conceptual Questions
ProblemsFluid Kinematics
Learning Objectives
The Velocity Field
Eulerian and Lagrangian Flow Descriptions
One-, Two-, and Three-Dimensional Flows
Steady and Unsteady Flows
Streamlines, Streaklines, and Pathlines
The Acceleration Field
The Material Derivative
Unsteady Effects
Convective Effects
Streamline Coordinates
Control Volume and System Representations
The Reynolds Transport Theorem
Derivation of the Reynolds Transport Theorem
Physical Interpretation
Relationship to Material Derivative
Steady Effects
Unsteady Effects
Moving Control Volumes
Selection of a Control Volume
Summary and Study GuideReview Problems
Conceptual Questions
ProblemsFinite Control Volume Analysis
Learning Objectives
Conservation of Mass—The Continuity Equation
Derivation of the Continuity Equation
Fixed, Nondeforming Control Volume
Moving, Nondeforming Control Volume
Deforming Control Volume
Newton’s Second Law—The Linear Momentum and Moment-of-Momentum Equations
Derivation of the Linear Momentum Equation
Application of the Linear Momentum Equation
Derivation of the Moment-of-Momentum Equation
Application of the Moment-of-Momentum Equation
First Law of Thermodynamics—The Energy Equation
Derivation of the Energy Equation
Application of the Energy Equation
Comparison of the Energy Equation with the Bernoulli Equation
Application of the Energy Equation to Nonuniform Flows
Combination of the Energy Equation and the Moment-of-Momentum Equation
Second Law of Thermodynamics—Irreversible Flow
Summary and Study GuideReview Problems
Conceptual Questions
ProblemsDifferential Analysis of Fluid Flow
Learning Objectives
Fluid Element Kinematics
Velocity and Acceleration Fields Revisited
Linear Motion and Deformation
Angular Motion and Deformation
Conservation of Mass
Differential Form of Continuity Equation
Cylindrical Polar Coordinates
The Stream Function
Conservation of Linear Momentum
Description of Forces Acting on the Differential Element
Equations of Motion
Inviscid Flow
Euler’s Equations of Motion
The Bernoulli Equation
Irrotational Flow
The Bernoulli Equation for Irrotational Flow
The Velocity Potential
Some Basic, Plane Potential Flows
Uniform Flow
Source and Sink
Vortex
Doublet
Superposition of Basic, Plane Potential Flows
Source in a Uniform Stream—Half-Body
Rankine Ovals
Flow around a Circular Cylinder
Other Aspects of Potential Flow Analysis
Viscous Flow
Stress-Deformation Relationships
The Navier–Stokes Equations
Some Simple Solutions for Viscous, Incompressible Fluids
Steady, Laminar Flow between Fixed Parallel Plates
Couette Flow
Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes
Steady, Axial, Laminar Flow in an Annulus
Other Aspects of Differential Analysis
Numerical Methods
Summary and Study GuideReview Problems
Conceptual Questions
ProblemsDimensional Analysis, Similitude, and Modeling
Learning Objectives
Dimensional Analysis
Buckingham Pi Theorem
Determination of Pi Terms
Some Additional Comments about Dimensional Analysis
Selection of Variables
Determination of Reference Dimensions
Uniqueness of Pi Terms
Determination of Pi Terms by Inspection
Common Dimensionless Groups in Fluid Mechanics
Correlation of Experimental Data
Problems with One Pi Term
Problems with Two or More Pi Terms
Modeling and Similitude
Theory of Models
Model Scales
Practical Aspects of Using Models
Some Typical Model Studies
Flow through Closed Conduits
Flow around Immersed Bodies
Flow with a Free Surface
Similitude Based on Governing Differential Equations
Summary and Study GuideReview Problems
Conceptual Questions
ProblemsViscous Flow in Pipes
Learning Objectives
General Characteristics of Pipe Flow
Laminar or Turbulent Flow
Entrance Region and Fully Developed Flow
Pressure and Shear Stress
Fully Developed Laminar Flow
From F ma Applied Directly to a Fluid Element
From the Navier–Stokes Equations
From Dimensional Analysis
Energy Considerations
Fully Developed Turbulent Flow
Transition from Laminar to Turbulent Flow
Turbulent Shear Stress
Turbulent Velocity Profile
Turbulence Modeling
Chaos and Turbulence
Dimensional Analysis of Pipe Flow
Major Losses
Minor Losses
Noncircular Conduits
Pipe Flow Examples
Single Pipes
Multiple Pipe Systems
Pipe Flowrate Measurement
Pipe Flowrate Meters
Volume Flowmeters
Summary and Study GuideReview Problems
Conceptual Questions
Problems
Flow Over Immersed Bodies
Learning Objectives
General External Flow Characteristics
Lift and Drag Concepts
Characteristics of Flow Past an Object
Boundary Layer Characteristics
Boundary Layer Structure and Thickness on a Flat Plate
Prandtl/Blasius Boundary Layer Solution
Momentum Integral Boundary Layer Equation for a Flat Plate
Transition from Laminar to Turbulent Flow
Turbulent Boundary Layer Flow
Effects of Pressure Gradient
Momentum Integral Boundary Layer Equation with Nonzero Pressure Gradient
Drag
Friction Drag
Pressure Drag
Drag Coefficient Data and Examples
Lift
Surface Pressure Distribution
Circulation
Summary and Study GuideReview Problems
Conceptual Questions
ProblemsOpen-Channel Flow
Learning Objectives
General Characteristics of Open-Channel Flow
Surface Waves
Wave Speed
Froude Number Effects
Energy Considerations
Specific Energy
Channel Depth Variations
Uniform Depth Channel Flow
Uniform Flow Approximations
The Chezy and Manning Equations
Uniform Depth Examples
Gradually Varied Flow
Rapidly Varied Flow
The Hydraulic Jump
Sharp-Crested Weirs
Broad-Crested Weirs
Underflow Gates
Summary and Study GuideReview Problems
Conceptual Questions
ProblemsCompressible Flow
Learning Objectives
Ideal Gas Relationships
Mach Number and Speed of Sound
Categories of Compressible Flow
Isentropic Flow of an Ideal Gas
Effect of Variations in Flow Cross-Sectional Area
Converging–Diverging Duct Flow
Constant Area Duct Flow
Nonisentropic Flow of an Ideal Gas
Adiabatic Constant Area Duct Flow with Friction (Fanno Flow)
Frictionless Constant Area Duct Flow with Heat Transfer (Rayleigh Flow)
Normal Shock Waves
Analogy between Compressible and Open-Channel Flows
Two-Dimensional Compressible Flow
Summary and Study GuideReview Problems
Conceptual Questions
ProblemsTurbomachines
Learning ObjectivesBasic Energy Considerations
Basic Angular Momentum Considerations
The Centrifugal Pump
Theoretical Considerations
Pump Performance Characteristics
Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH)
System Characteristics and Pump Selection
Dimensionless Parameters and Similarity Laws
Special Pump Scaling Laws
Specific Speed
Suction Specific Speed
Axial-Flow and Mixed-Flow Pumps
Fans
Turbines
Impulse Turbines
Reaction Turbines
Compressible Flow Turbomachines
Compressors
Compressible Flow Turbines
Summary and Study GuideReview Problems
Conceptual Questions
Problems
A Computational Fluid Dynamics
B Physical Properties of Fluids
C Properties of the U.S. Standard Atmosphere
D Compressible Flow Graphs for an Ideal Gas (k 1.4)
E Comprehensive Table of Conversion Factors See www.wiley.com or WileyPLUS for this material
F CFD Problems and Tutorials See www.wiley.com or WileyPLUS for this material
G Review Problems
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H Lab Problems
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CFD Driven Cavity Example
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Answers ANSVideo Index